Click here to download a 12-page PDF briefing paper on clean energy options for Australia.
Click here for informationon FoE's 'Yes to Renewables' campaign
References to literature on clean energy options, with an emphasis on 'deep cuts' studies which detail the methods by which large reductions in greenhouse emissions can be achieved (without nuclear power).
Last updated November 2015.
Please advise of other useful studies, dead links etc. [email protected]
INDEX TO THIS WEB-PAGE:
1. AUSTRALIAN DEEP CUTS STUDIES
2. OTHER AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE
3. INTERNATIONAL DEEP CUTS STUDIES
4. OTHER INTERNATIONAL LITERATURE
5. USA STUDIES
6. EUROPEAN STUDIES
7. CHINA AND INDIA
Some other collections of links to sustainable energy literature:
Some energy / renewable energy information portals / directories:
- Alternative Energy
- Energy Planet - Renewable Energy Directory
- Energy Bulletin - sustainable energy section
- International Energy Agency - energy issues by topic, annual 'World Energy Outlook' reports, 'Energy Technology Perspectives' reports, 'Energy Roadmaps', etc
- Nova - Science in the News (use the search engine)
1. AUSTRALIAN DEEP CUTS STUDIES
Australian Energy Market Operator, July 2013, '100 Per Cent Renewables Study - Modelling Outcomes'
The modelling undertaken presents results for four selected cases, two scenarios at two years, 2030 and 2050. The first scenario is based on rapid technology transformation and moderate economic growth while the second scenario is based on moderate technology transformation and high economic growth. The modelling includes the generation mix, transmission requirements, and hypothetical costs for each.
Media reports:
- Renew Economy - 100% renewables for Australia - not so costly after all
- Sydney Morning Herald - Clean energy switch possible by 2030, at fossil fuel prices
- The Conversation - Federal Government commissions scenarios for 100% renewables
==========================
Beyond Zero Emissions - Zero Carbon Australia Stationary Energy Plan.
This 2010 report is posted at www.beyondzeroemissions.org
==========================
100% Renewable Energy Campaign Australia
People in communities across Australia share a vision for a 100% Renewable future: an Australia powered entirely by clean renewable energy. Together we are creating a groundswell of community support to make a fast transition to 100% clean renewable energy.
==========================
100% Renewable Energy Regions Network
==========================
A Clean Energy Future for Australia
Hugh Saddler, Mark Diesendorf, Richard Denniss, 2004, 'A Clean Energy Future for Australia', a study by Energy Strategies for the Clean Energy Future Group,
www.enerstrat.com.au/index.php/publications/a_clean_energy_future_for_australia/
Includes a useful review of other Australian 'deep cuts' studies − chapter 13.
State studies for NSW, Qld, Vic and WA posted at:http://web.archive.org/web/20110706131421/http://wwf.org.au/ourwork/climatechange/cleanenergyfuture
==========================
Australian Sustainable Energy – by the numbers
by Peter Seligman, Melbourne Energy Institute, University of Melbourne
February 17, 2010
http://energy.unimelb.edu.au/index.php?page=ozsebtn
==========================
Long-Term Greenhouse Gas Scenarios: A pilot study of how Australia can achieve deep cuts in emissions
Turton Hal, Jinlong Ma, Hugh Saddler and Clive Hamilton, October 2002,
Discussion Paper No. 48, The Australia Institute, Canberra.
https://www.tai.org.au/?q=node/9&pubid=69
==========================
WWF-Australia, AGL and Frontier Economics, 2006, Options for Moving to a Lower Emission Future, Australians could pay as little as $250 each to achieve a 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from the country's electricity generation industry by 2030.
www.wwf.org.au/publications/lower-emission-future
www.wwf.org.au/news/reducing-greenhouse-gas-emissions-is-affordable-and-achievable
2. OTHER AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE
Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES)
ABARES Australian Energy Statistics − annual reports:
www.daff.gov.au/abares/publications_remote_content/publication_series/australian_energy_statistics
ABARES annual 'Energy in Australia' publication"
www.daff.gov.au/abares/publications_remote_content/publication_series/energy_in_australia
ABARES − Electricity Generation - major development projects
==========================
Australian renewable energy programs - federal and state/territory:
www.climatechange.gov.au/en/what-you-need-to-know/renewable-energy.aspx
==========================
2014 message from John Kaye − Greens NSW MP:
Over the past year, I have been touring NSW talking to local communities about how a 100% Renewable NSW is possible, affordable and essential. A video version of this workshop is now available online – check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NsGL5aUTX4
Want to help spread the 100% Renewable NSW message?
Watch the video find out how NSW can get out of fossil fuels by 2030: www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NsGL5aUTX4
Take further action by visiting my website: www.johnkaye.org.au/campaigns/100-renewable-nsw/
==========================
Replacing Hazelwood
'Fast-tracking Victoria's clean energy future to replace the Hazelwood Power Station', commissioned by Environment Victoria and written by energy market analysts Green Energy Markets.environmentvictoria.org.au/replacehazelwood
===========================
Solar thermal electricity as the primary replacement for coal and oil in U.S. generation and transportation
David R. Mills and Robert G. Morgan
===========================
Climate Action: A campaign manual for greenhouse solutions
Mark Diesendorf, 2009, UNSW Press.
Diesendorf is deputy director of the Institute of Environmental Studies at University of New South Wales. He is the author of Greenhouse Solutions with Sustainable Energy (UNSW Press, 2007), to which the present book is the sequel.
==========================
'Sustainable Energy Policy for Australia'
Mark Diesendorf, 2010, www.energyscience.org.au/factsheets.html
==========================
Greenhouse solutions: breaking down the barriers
Mark Diesendorf, 24 June 2007, Centre for Policy Development
http://cpd.org.au/2007/06/greenhouse-solutions-breaking-down-the-barriers/
=========================
Reaction time (renewable energy solutions)
Mark Diesendorf, Quarterly Essay, 2007
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6751/is_28/ai_n28482140
==========================
Pathways to a low carbon future: Reducing Australia’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 30 per cent by 2020
Mark Diesendorf, 2007, www.greenpeace.org.au/blog/?p=90
==========================
References and links to additional media articles and peer-reviewed articles by Mark Diesendorf: www.ies.unsw.edu.au/staff/mark.html
==========================
CSIRO - Renewable energy; powering transport; fossil fuels; etc.
www.csiro.au/Outcomes/Energy.aspx
==========================
Australian Academy of Science − renewable energy lecture series:
www.science.org.au/events/publiclectures/re/index.html
includes the following:
The contribution of renewables in Australia’s future energy mix
Wind Energy: How it works and where is it going?
Solar thermal concentrators: Capturing the sun for large scale power generation and energy export
Bioenergy options for Australia
Fuel cells: A real option for base load electricity
Wave energy: The industry now and in the future
Solar photovoltaics: Power source for the future?
A low carbon economy based on renewable energy: The only way to go
==========================
Energy Efficiency Council eec.org.au
==========================
ANZ Solar Energy Society www.anzses.org
==========================
100% Renewable campaign: www.100percent.org.au/
==========================
Clean Energy Council www.cleanenergycouncil.org.au
The Council has useful info + reports but appears to be becoming bigger and browner - see for example Paddy Manning's article:
www.businessday.com.au/business/the-fox-in-the-hot-house-20090814...
==========================
Sustainable Energy Association of Australia www.seaaus.com.au/
350 industry members from most industry sectors.
==========================
Wind Farms: The facts and the fallacies, Andrew Macintosh and Christian Downie, Australia Institute, Discussion Paper Number 91, October 2006,
www.tai.org.au/documents/downloads/DP91.pdf
==========================
Wind power can substitute for base-load coal, Mark Diesendorf, Online Opinion, 6 February 2008
www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=6958
==========================
Alternative Technology Association www.ata.org.au
==========================
ANZ Solar Energy Society www.anzses.org
==========================
Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets , www.ceem.unsw.edu.au
See esp. Publications: www.ceem.unsw.edu.au/publications
==========================
Energy Strategies (Dr. Hugh Saddler et al.) www.enerstrat.com.au
==========================
Ministerial Council on Energy (Australia)
www.ret.gov.au/energy/ministerial_council_on_energy/Pages/ministerial_council_on_energy.aspx
==========================
Ministerial Council on Energy - National Framework for Energy Efficiency
www.ret.gov.au/Documents/mce/energy-eff/nfee/default.html
==========================
Climate Action Network of Australia, n.d., "Australia's Climate Change Strategy: The Real Way Forward",
www.cana.net.au/sites/default/files/real_way_forward.pdf
==========================
Yes2Renewables campaign: http://yes2renewables.org/
==========================
Greenpeace, 2010, 'A blueprint for a renewable energy future',http://www.greenpeace.org.au/climate/GI-ER-Report2010.php
==========================
ACF Clean Energy Solutions: www.acfonline.org.au/be-informed/climate-change/clean-energy-solutions
==========================
WWF Clean and renewable energy
==========================
High Temperature Solar Thermal: Technology Roadmap
December 2008, Prepared for New South Wales and Victorian Governments
www.coag.gov.au/sites/default/files/HTSolar_thermal_roadmap.pdf
==========================
UNSW Electricity Restructuring Group: www.ergo.ee.unsw.edu.au
==========================
Naughten B., P. Pakravan , J. Dlugosz J., and A. Dickson, 1994, "Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from the Australian energy system: a report on modelling experiments using ABARE's MENSA model", Canberra: ABARE.
3. INTERNATIONAL DEEP CUTS STUDIES
===========================
Excerpt from: Jusen Asuka, Seung-Joon Park, Mutsuyoshi Nishimura and Toru Morotomi, 31 Jan 2014, 'Reply to the letter from Dr. Hansen and others', http://safeenergy.org/2014/02/05/guest-post-nuclear-power-is-not-the-ans...
Several studies have been conducted in the past to determine whether this ambitious climate change target is achievable without any reliance on nuclear power. Edenhofer et al. (2010) compared low-carbon scenarios using five different energy-economy models, and identified that the additional costs needed to stop nuclear investment in 2000 would be only around 0.7% of GDP in 2100. Recently other researchers have conducted studies in consideration of the denuclearization movement after the Fukushima accident. Bauer et al. (2012), for example, state that the reductions in greenhouse gas emissions required to limit global average temperature rise to two degrees C from the pre-industrial era would be achievable for the additional cost of less than 0.1% of GDP by 2020, and less than 0.2% by 2050 without nuclear power. Duscha et al. (2013) state that denuclearization would increase global greenhouse gas emissions by 2% in 2020, but that developed countries would be able to achieve their share of the two degrees C target at an additional cost of 0.1% GDP. The same Duscha et al. (2013) reviewed other existing research, and concluded that most existing studies also indicated that ambitious greenhouse gas emissions reductions could be achieved at the additional cost of 1% GDP globally without nuclear power generation.
Edenhofer, O., Knopf, B., Barker, T., Baumstark, L., Bellevrat, E., Chateau, B., van Vuuren, D. P., 2010. “The economics of low stabilization: Model comparison of mitigation strategies and costs”, The Energy Journal, 31 (Special Issue 1), 11–48.
Bauer, N., Brecha, R. J., & Luderer, G., 2012. “Economics of nuclear power and climate change mitigation policies”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109, 16805–16810. oi:10.1073.pnas.1201264109.
Duscha V., Schumacher K., Schleich J. & Buisson P., 2013. “Costs of meeting international climate targets without nuclear power”, Climate Policy, DOI:10.1080/14693062.2014.852018
==========================
Mark Z. Jacobson and Mark A. Delucchi, July/August 2013, 'Meeting the world's energy needs entirely with wind, water, and solar power', Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 69: pp.30-40,http://thebulletin.org/2013/julyaugust/meeting-world%E2%80%99s-energy-ne...
==========================
Mark Z. Jacobson and Mark A. Delucchi, Nov 2009, 'A Plan to Power 100 Percent of the Planet with Renewables', Scientific American,
www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-path-to-sustainable-energy-by-2030/
www.scientificamerican.com/article/powering-a-green-planet/
==========================
Stefan Peter, Harry Lehmann, Renewable Energy Outlook 2030: Energy Watch Group Global Renewable Energy Scenarios
Exec Summ: http://isusi.de/downloads/REO_2030_EE_ExcecSummary_en.pdf
Full report: http://isusi.de/downloads/REO_2030_EE_fullText_en.pdf
==========================
WWF International, Ecofys and the Office for Metropolitan Architecture, 2011, 'The Energy Report: 100% Renewable Energy by 2050',http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/climate_carbon_energy/energy_s...
==========================
WWF, 2007, "Climate Solutions: WWF’s vision for 2050"
WWF Energy Taskforce. More than 100 scientists and experts contributed. The report identifies six key solutions: improving energy efficiency; stopping forest loss; accelerating the development of low-emissions technologies; developing flexible fuels; replacing high-carbon coal with low-carbon gas; and carbon capture and storage technology. http://assets.panda.org/downloads/climatesolutionweb.pdf
==========================
Greenpeace International, September 2015, 'Energy [R]evolution: A sustainable world energy outlook 2015', www.greenpeace.org/international/en/publications/Campaign-reports/Climat...
==========================
Global 100% Renewable Energy − Studies and reports
http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/
http://go100re.net/e-library/websites-and-links/
Global http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/#tab1
Europe http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/#tab2
America http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/#tab3
Asia http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/#tab4
Pacific http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/#tab5
Others http://go100re.net/e-library/studies-and-reports/#tab6
==========================
Mae-Wan Ho, Brett Cherry, Sam Burcher & Peter Saunders, 2009, Green Energies 100% Renewables by 2050, ISIS/TWN Special Report,
www.i-sis.org.uk/GreenEnergies.php
PDF preview: http://www.i-sis.org.uk/GreenEnergiesPreview.pdf
==========================
Numerous reports listed at: http://www.mng.org.uk/gh/scenarios.htm
4. OTHER INTERNATIONAL LITERATURE
============================
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) www.irena.org
IRENA, 2013, 'Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2012: An Overview', www.irena.org/menu/index.aspx?mnu=Subcat&PriMenuID=36&CatID=141&SubcatID=277
==========================
Renewables International: www.renewablesinternational.net/
==========================
Renewable Energy World www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/home
==========================
World Wind Energy Association www.wwindea.org/home/index.php
==========================
Guardian renewable energy article collection:
www.guardian.co.uk/environment/renewableenergy
==========================
Cost effectiveness of energy efficiency c.f. nuclear power: Numerous studies detailing how much more cost effective energy efficiency is as a climate change abatement strategy than nuclear power: see section 8 of the report at:
www.panda.org/downloads/climate_ change/fullnuclearreprotwwf.pdf
==========================
New Scientist - articles on many energy / clean energy issues: www.newscientist.com/topic/energy-fuels
==========================
Green Party UK: www.greenenergyworks.org.uk/itworks.htm
==========================
REN21 - Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century http://www.ren21.net/
Renewables 2014 Global Status Report
http://www.ren21.net/Portals/0/documents/Resources/GSR/2014/GSR2014_full%20report_low%20res.pdf
Find out what made 2013 another record year for renewables.
> expansion of supporting policies in developing economies
> additions to electricity generating capacity
> progress made in renewables heating and cooling
> shifts in investments
> leaders in renewable energy deployment
==========================
Worldwatch Institute and the Center for American Progress, 2006, "American Energy: The Renewable Path to Energy Security
==========================
Horizon International - Solutions Site: www.solutions-site.org/
==========================
Rocky Mountains Institute www.rmi.org
==========================
Greenpeace reports
Windforce 12 www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/publications/reports/wf12-2005.pdf
==========================
Natural Advantage
Sections 4 and 5 of TNEP's publication The Natural Advantage of Nations shows how deep cuts to greenhouse emissions can be achieved without nuclear energy.
www.naturaledgeproject.net/NAON.aspx
Specifically this is covered in these chapters:
Chapter 17: Profitable Greenhouse Solutions with Adjunct Prof Alan Pearswww.naturaledgeproject.net/NAON_ch17.aspx
Chapter 18: Greening the Built Environment with Adjunct Professor Alan Pears and Dr Janis Birkelandwww.naturaledgeproject.net/NAON_ch18.aspx
Chapter 19: Sustainable Urban Transport by Professor Jeff Kenworthy, Robert Murray-Leach and Dr Craig Townsend. www.naturaledgeproject.net/NAON_ch19.aspx
Chapter 21: Integrated Approaches to Sustainable Consumption and Cleaner Production by Professor Chris Ryan. www.naturaledgeproject.net/NAON_ch21.aspx
5. USA STUDIES
==========================
Arjun Makhijani, Carbon Free and Nuclear Free: A Roadmap for US Energy Policy,
http://ieer.org/projects/carbon-free-nuclear-free/
A joint project of the Nuclear Policy Research Institute and the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research
==========================
(Updated report, based on the above roadmap.)
Arjun Makhijani, The Technical and Economic Feasibility of a Carbon-Free and Nuclear-Free Energy System in the United States, March 2009,
www.downtheyellowcakeroad.org/icws309w2/index.cfm?ID=96C8E1AE-AB14-404C-ABB018DB487A1150
or direct downoad
www.downtheyellowcakeroad.org/userfiles/file/Renewable_electric_system-Makhijani2009.pdf
==========================
Interlaboratory Working Group on Energy-Efficient and Clean-Energy Technologies (USA), November 2000, "Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future" , Prepared for Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, www.ornl.gov/sci/eere/cef/
==========================
Union of Concerned Scientists, 2009, Climate 2030: A National Blueprint for a Clean Energy Economy
www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/solutions/big_picture_solutions/climate-2030-blueprint.html
==========================
6. EUROPEAN STUDIES
==========================
Roadmap 2050 (Europe)
The Roadmap 2050 project is an initiative of the European Climate Foundation (ECF) and has been developed by a consortium of experts funded by the ECF.
==========================
Europe - 2014 report: An analysis by consultants Energynautics for Greenpeace based on European weather information for 2011 and data from the International Energy Agency (IEA) suggests it is possible to get 77% of Europe’s electricity from renewable sources by 2030; through smart grids, demand management, gas backup and big changes in how our power grid works. The model suggests that by taking a European approach (rather than planning by country) and using a (relatively) new type of power cable the cost of integrating new renewables into the grid can be significantly cut.
==========================
100% renewable electricity: A roadmap to 2050 for Europe and North Africa
http://www.pwc.ch/de/dyn_output.html?content.void=29279&collectionpageid...
==========================
Stockholm Environment Institute, 2009, 'Europe's Share of the Climate Challenge: Domestic Actions and International Obligations to Protect the Planet'.
Europe can cut domestic emissions by 40% in 2020, and by 90% in 2050, compared to 1990 levels.
Full report: www.sei-international.org/climateshareeurope
Link to summary, media release etc:
www.foeeurope.org/press/2009/Dec01_New_study_shows_40_emission_cuts_possible.html
==========================
Europe 100% Renewable by 2050, NuClear News No. 18, May 2010,www.no2nuclearpower.org.uk/nuclearnews/NuClearNewsNo18.pdf
Discusses these studies among others:
100% Renewable Electricity: A roadmap for Europe and North Africa, Price Waterhouse Coopers, March 2010, www.pwc.co.uk/assets/pdf/100-percent-renewable-electricity.pdf
Rethinking 2050, European Renewable Energy Council, April 2010, www.rethinking2050.eu
==========================
Europe - 2014 report:
Phase out of Nuclear Power in Europe – From Vision to Reality
Authors:
Gustav Resch, Lukas Liebmann, Michael Lamprecht, Reinhard Haas - TU Wien / Energy Economics Group (EEG)
Fabian Pause, Markus Kahles – Stiftung Umweltenergierecht (SUER)
https://www.global2000.at/sites/global/files/Nuclear_Phaseout_Study.pdf
==========================
7. CHINA AND INDIA
==========================
100% Renewable Energy by 2050 for India, 23 Dec 2013
http://www.wwfindia.org/news_facts/?10261
Even India could reach nearly 100% renewables by 2051, Emma Fitzpatrick, 17 Jan 2014
http://reneweconomy.com.au/2014/even-india-could-reach-nearly-100-renewa...
==========================
A 2015 report by the China National Renewable Energy Centre finds that China could generate 85% of its electricity and 60% of total energy from renewables by 2050.
Article: www.rtcc.org/2015/04/22/chinas-electricity-could-go-85-renewable-by-2050...
Report: 'China high renewables 2050 roadmap − summary', www.scribd.com/doc/262740831/China-high-renewables-2050-roadmap-summary